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GDNF plus BSN-CM is required for branching morphogenesis. The UBs were cultured in the presence of BSN-CM as in Fig. 2 but with each of single growth factors present in the growth factor mixture. Several examples are shown: with EGF alone (A); with FGF-2 alone (B); with HGF alone (C); and with GDNF alone (D). Only GDNF combined with BSN-CM could promote branching morphogenesis of the isolated UB.
