(A) Temporal expression of sox3 and sox2 in whole embryos examined by RT-PCR. ODC is used as a loading control. RT- is no reverse transcriptase and E is egg. (B) WISH analysis of sox3 and sox2 expression in cleavage (stage 6), blastula (stage 9), gastrula (stage 10–12.5) and neurula (stage 18) embryos. Stage 6–10 embryos are viewed from the animal pole with dorsal to the right, stage 10.5 and 12.5 embryos from the vegetal pole with dorsal to the top, and stage 18 embryos from dorsal side with anterior to the top. The arrowhead and asterisk mark the midline and otic placode, respectively. (C) Expression of sox3 and sox2 in animal ectodermal explants isolated from uninjected embryos and embryos injected with noggin mRNA (indicated by +).