Evaluation of the efficacy and receptor specificity of Ad5/3-σ1 – mediated gene transfer. A, analysis of Ad5/3-σ1 receptor usage in Hey cells. C. perfringens neuraminidase (NM), an anti-JAM1 antibody (JAM1Ab). and recombinant Ad3 fiber knob protein (Ad3knob) were used to block Ad5/3-σ1 infection. Hey cells were either untreated or treated with 100 μg/mL anti-JAM1 antibody, both an anti-JAM1 and antibody 333 milliunits/mL neuraminidase, or combined reagents with neuraminidase, anti-JAM1 antibody, and 50 μg/mL recombinant Ad3 fiber knob protein. Cells were incubated with 100 vp/cell of Ad5/3Luc1 (gray column) or Ad5/3-σ1 (black column) and harvested 24 h later for luciferase activity. All luciferase values were normalized against the activity of controls receiving no blocking treatment valued at 100%. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. Columns, average of four replicates; bars, SD.***, P < 0.05, Student’s t test. B, mouse fibroblast cells (L929) were incubated with Ad5Luc1 (white column), Ad5-σ1 (clotted column), Ad5/3Luc1 (gray column), or Ad5/3-σ1 (black column) at 10,100, and 1,000 vp/cell. Luciferase activity was determined 24 h after infection and is expressed as relative light units (RLU). Columns, average of three replicates; bars, SD.***, P< 0.005, Student’s t test.