Table 1.
Folding Index as a Measure of Venule EC Membrane Wrinkling after Intradermal Injection of FMLP or HBSS
| Chemoattractant | Folding index | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LM/d | AbLM/d | |||
| HBSS ± DMSO (n = 48) | 1.19 ± 0.02 | 1.17 ± 0.01 | ||
| FMLP, 10 min (n = 15) | 2.39 ± 0.15‡ | 1.77 ± 0.09‡ | ||
| FMLP, 15–60 min | ||||
| Membranes with attached | ||||
| neutrophils (n = 16) | 1.16 ± 0.02 | 1.16 ± 0.02 | ||
| Membranes without attached | ||||
| neutrophils (n = 16) | 2.41 ± 0.25‡ | 2.96 ± 0.17‡ | ||
*
To calculate the folding index, multiple segments of luminal (LM) and (AbLM) membrane perimeters were traced and these actual lengths (nm) were divided by the lengths (nm) of smoothed lines (d) connecting the same points. A completely smooth surface has a ratio of 1.0, whereas values >1.0 measure the extent of membrane wrinkling. There was no difference between HBSS injection sites with or without added DMSO and so these data were pooled.
‡
Ratios significantly different from HBSS control (P <0.001) as calculated using Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Dunn's multiple comparison test.