Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the three study groups
| Meal delivery | Dietitian counseling | Conventional advise | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 18 | 29 | 30 | |
| Sex (males/females) | 8/10 | 13/16 | 14/16 | 0.641 |
| Age (yrs) | 65.1 ± 10.9 | 62.0 ± 10.9 | 64.3 ± 10.7 | 0.488 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.2 ± 5.4 | 23.8 ± 4.1 | 23.6 ± 2.9 | 0.398 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126 ± 17 | 128 ± 18 | 127 ± 16 | 0.862 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77 ± 11 | 77 ± 13 | 76 ± 12 | 0.901 |
| Duration of diabetes (yrs) | 9.3 ± 9.4 | 11.1 ± 10.4 | 12.9 ± 6.2 | 0.374 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl) | 167 ± 30 | 181 ± 70 | 176 ± 49 | 0.777 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.2 ± 1.2 | 8.5 ± 1.7 | 8.1 ± 1.2 | 0.529 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 219 ± 29 | 214 ± 36 | 218 ± 38 | 0.890 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 56 ± 17 | 59 ± 15 | 61 ± 16 | 0.557 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 135 ± 28 | 122 ± 34 | 130 ± 34 | 0.410 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 154 ± 105 | 160 ± 118 | 142 ± 88 | 0.807 |
| Diabetes treatment | ||||
| Diet only | 4 | 11 | 10 | 0.531 |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | 11 | 14 | 15 | 0.668 |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents + Insulin | 3 | 4 | 5 | 0.963 |
| Energy goals (kcal) | 1,455 ± 204 | 1,479 ± 190 | 1,490 ± 184 | 0.832 |
Data are means ± SD or n.