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. 1998 Oct 5;188(7):1255–1265. doi: 10.1084/jem.188.7.1255

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C/EBPβ binding to the HIV-1 LTR NRE in BAL cells from six patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Extracts from uninvolved lung of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis predominantly express C/EBPβ, whereas BAL cells from involved lung downregulate C/EBPβ and switch expression to another C/EBP family member. Lane 1, NRE binding of THP-1 macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis. Lanes 2–4, 10–13, 18, 20, and 22, NRE–protein complex in uninvolved lobes (UN) of HIV-1–infected and HIV-1–negative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Lanes 2, 10, 18, 20, and 22, BAL cell extract strongly binds the NRE. A nonspecific band is also expressed in BAL extracts (double arrow). Lanes 3 and 11, 100-fold excess unlabeled NRE probe disrupts both the specific and nonspecific complex. Lanes 4 and 12, 100-fold excess unlabeled mutant probe does not affect the specific complex. Lanes 5 and 13, Anti-C/EBPβ antibody supershifts >90% of the complex. Lanes 6, 14, 19, 21, 23, and 24, Tuberculosis-involved lobes (IN) lose the predominant band expressed in uninvolved lobes and switch expression to a faster migrating specific NRE–protein complex (arrow). Lanes 7 and 15, 100-fold excess unlabeled NRE disrupts the complex. Lanes 8 and 16, 100-fold excess unlabeled mutant probe does not disrupt the complex. Lanes 9 and 17, Anti-C/EBPβ antibody does not supershift the complex. Lane 24, Adherent cells (Ad) from an involved lobe strongly express specific and nonspecific NRE– protein complexes. Lane 25, Nonadherent cells (Non) from the same involved lobe have markedly reduced expression of the specific and nonspecific NRE–protein complexes.