Ex vivo studies of ETRA mRNA expression in human femoral head biopsies. Total RNA was extracted from human femoral head biopsies. Northern blot analyses were performed with 15 μg/lane total RNA and hybridized with 32P-labeled ETRA cDNA and 28S probes. In lanes 1–3, total RNA extracts of femoral head biopsies from patients with coxarthrosis (1), glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis (2), and traumatically induced osteonecrosis (3) were loaded. Arrows, left, 28S and 18S rRNA position. The analyzed RNA in each lane is the total RNA extract of one bone biopsy. The data in each lane are representative of two separate bone biopsies of different patients. Patients with coxarthrosis and traumatically induced osteonecrosis did not receive glucocorticoids at any time. Patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head had been treated with 10–20 mg of prednisolone per day for 5 and 6 mo, respectively.