Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Jun 14;75(1):323–333. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.06.010

Figure 1. Genetically-manipulated mouse models and their relevance for nicotine addiction.

Figure 1

Timeline of the reported knockout, knockin of mutations, for various nAChR subunits. Major phenotypes related to nicotine addiction are shown. Please note that the date for generation of the knockout lines may not match the date that the individual phenotypes were reported (see text for detailed paradigms and references). Abbreviations: ↑, increased compared to wild-type controls; ↓, decreased compared to wild-type controls; =, similar to wild-type controls; αCTX MII, α-conotoxin MII; CPP, nicotine conditioned place preference; DA, dopamine; DAT, dopamine transporter; KO, knockout mouse line; KI, knockin mouse line; Loc, chronic nicotine induced locomotor activation; Nic, nicotine; PA, passive avoidance; Self-admin., nicotine self-administration.