Figure 6.

CTL induction was restored using in vitro co-cultures with LN pDCs. (A) Diagram showing the protocol for co-culture experiments. CTL activities were estimated after 48 h of co-culture. The letters in parentheses correspond to panels in the figure. Ctl LN, HSV-infected PLN treated with control Ab at day 2. (B) In vitro CTL activity induced by pDCs (purple line), LNDCs (pink line), and impaired LNDCs in the presence (orange line) or absence (green line) of rIFN-α. (C) In vitro CTL activities induced by impaired LNDCs in the presence of pDCs, at ratios between 1:1 and 1:10, or with pDCs separated by transwells (red line, 1:1 ratio). (D, top) Diagram showing the protocol for two-step co-culture experiments. (top row) Step one, co-culture of impaired LNDCs and pDCs for 16 h. (bottom row) Addition of LN CD8⁺ T cells for a further 48 h. (bottom) In vitro CTL activities induced by impaired LNDCs in the presence of equal numbers of pDCs, treated as indicated in the figure. Effector/target (E:T) ratio, 30:1. Representative data from three independent experiments are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *, P < 0.05 by Student's t test, comparing cells treated with control and blocking Abs. (E) in vitro CTL activities induced by impaired LNDCs in the presence of equal numbers of WT or CD40L^−/− pDCs. E:T ratio, 30:1. Representative data from three independent experiments are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3).