TABLE 2.
Studies that evaluated fiber intake and endometrial cancer risk1
| Covariates considered2 |
||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | Country | Age | Cases/controls or total cohort |
Exposure evaluated |
Contrast | RR/OR | 95% CI | P for trend | A | B | E | S | H | R |
| Case-cohort study | ||||||||||||||
| Jain et al, 2000 (9) | Canada | 40–59 y | 221/3697 | Dietary fiber | >23.2 vs <15.1 g/d | 1.24 | (0.82, 1.87) | NS | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Population-based case-control studies | ||||||||||||||
| Potischman et al, 1993 (11) | United States | 20–74 y | 399/296 | Dietary fiber | >13.6 vs <7.7 g/d | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.3) | 1 | 1 | –3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Goodman et al, 1997 (12) | United States | 18–84 y | 332/511 | Dietary fiber | >23.9 vs <12.3 g/d | 0.47 | (0.25, 0.86) | 0.02 | (1) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Jain et al, 2000 (15) | Canada | 30–79 y | 552/562 | Dietary fiber | >27.5 vs <17.2 g/d | 0.71 | (0.49, 1.03) | 0.14 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Per 10 g | 0.89 | (0.75, 1.05) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| McCann et al, 2000 (13) | United States | 40–85 y | 232/639 | Dietary fiber | >32 vs <20 g/d | 0.5 | (0.3, 1) | 0.002 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Littman et al, 2001 (16) | United States | 45–74 y | 679/944 | Total fiber | >10.7 vs <5.6 g · 1000 kcal−1 · d−1 | 0.68 | (0.47, 0.99) | 0.16 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Xu et al, 2007 (18) | China | 30–69 y | 1204/1212 | Dietary fiber | 8.1 vs 4.8 g · 1000 kcal−1 ·d−1 | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.0) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Hospital-based case-control studies | ||||||||||||||
| Barbone et al, 1993 (10) | United States | 103/236 | Dietary fiber | >21.5 vs <16.6 g/d | 0.6 | (0.3, 1.1) | 0.43 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| Salazar-Martinez et al, 2005 (14) | Mexico | 18–81 y | 85/629 | Dietary fiber | >24 vs <13 g/d | 1.46 | (0.76, 2.79) | 0.33 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
1
OR, odds ratio; RR, relative risk; NS, P > 0.05.
2
The numbers in each column refer to the number of covariates adjusted for under that grouping. A, age; B, BMI/weight; E, total energy; S, smoking; H, hormone replacement therapy or estrogen replacement therapy; R, reproductive factors; (1), matched for age.
3
Adjusted for noncarbohydrate calories.