Table 2.
Predictors of Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in Pediatric Emergency Department Patients
| Clinical Predictors | AHRF (mean ± SE) | Non-AHRF (mean ± SE) | Unadjusted Odds Ratio for AHRF (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio for AHRF (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRISA II | 7.55 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 1.11 (1.08–1.13) | 1.12 (1.08–1.16) |
| Triage temperature | 37.1 ± 0.8 | 37.5 ± 0.0 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.49 (0.36–0.68) |
| Triage heart rate | 131 ± 3.0 | 122.0 ± 0.5 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) |
| Triage respiratory rate | 31.1 ± 1.3 | 27.1 ± 0.02 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | NS |
| Triage systolic blood pressure | 111 ± 3.0 | 115 ± 0.4 | NS | — |
| Triage diastolic blood pressure | 63.0 ± 2.0 | 67.0 ± 0.3 | 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) |
| Triage Glasgow Coma Scale | 12.8 ± 1.0 | 14.9 ± 0.0 | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | NS |
| Bicarbonate level (mmol/L) | 21.4 ± 1.1 | 22.6 ± 0.2 | NS | — |
| Hemoglobin level (g/dL) | 12.5 ± 0.5 | 12.3 ± 0.1 | NS | — |
| White blood cell count (× 103/μL) | 13.5 ± 1.3 | 12.3 ± 0.3 | NS | — |
| Positive chronic disease | 54 (45.8%) | 1,380 (34.9%) | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | NS |
| Positive chest radiograph | 24 (20%) | 328 (8.1%) | 2.8 (1.8–4.5) | 2.35 (1.02–5.43) |
AHRF = acute hypoxemic respiratory failure; CI = confidence interval; NS = not significant; PRISA = Pediatric Risk of Admission. Percentages for AHRF were calculated for 121 patients and for non-AHRF patients using 4,184 patients.