TABLE I.

Screening PSA and DRE testing in case and control subjects

Prior DRE’s and PSA’s	Case, % (n=74)	Control, % (n=192)	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR* (95% CI)
Screening tests done 1-5 years prior to PC diagnosis
PSA	24.3	39.6	0.38 (0.18, 0.79)	0.36 (0.16, 0.81)
DRE	56.8	78.7	0.34 (0.18, 0.62)	0.37 (0.19, 0.71)
PSA or DRE	60.8	81.3	0.34 (0.18, 0.63)	0.35 (0.17, 0.71)
Screening PSA or DRE done over varying intervals
2-5 years prior	56.8	73.4	0.45 (0.25,0.81)	0.50 (0.26,0.94)
30 days-5 years prior	64.9	84.9	0.32 (0.17, 0.60)	0.34 (0.17, 0.69)
15 days-5 years prior	66.2	84.9	0.33 (0.17, 0.64)	0.36 (0.18, 0.73)
7 days-5 years prior	74.3	84.9	0.51 (0.26, 0.99)	0.58 (0.28, 1.20)
0 days - 5 years prior	85.1	87.0	0.90 (0.41, 1.97)	1.05 (0.45, 2.44)
Screening PSA or DRE done on or before symptom reference date†	67.6	72.9	0.67 (0.32, 1.39)	0.78 (0.36, 1.69)

^*Adjusted for matching factors plus marital status, education, and Charlson score.

^†Earliest date of hematuria, bone pain, or perineal pain within the 5 years prior to the PC diagnosis. Median (25^th, 75^th percentile) is 0.06 (0, 2.7) years prior to PC diagnosis. The same date was used for controls.

Note: Screening refers to tests done in the absence of documented symptoms.