. 2008 Jan;15(Suppl 1):S58–S67. doi: 10.3747/co.2008.177

TABLE I.

Randomized controlled trials for primary prophylaxis in cancer-related major abdominal and pelvic surgery

Trial	Surgical setting	Cancer patients (n)	Regimen		Duration of treatment	Outcome	Incidences
			Study	Control			vte			Major bleeding
							Study (%)	Control (%)	p Value	Study (%)	Control (%)	p Value
Enoxacan Study Group, 1997 ¹⁰	Abdominal and pelvic	631	Enoxapari 40 mg daily	ufh 5000 IU 3 times daily	10 Days	vte on bilateral venography or pulmonary scintigraphy	14.7	18.2	>0.05	4.1	2.9	>0.05
McLeod et al., 2001 ¹¹	Colorectal	324	Enoxaparin 40 mg daily	ufh 5000 IU 3 times daily	Up to 10 days	pe, venographic dvt at postoperative days 5, 9	13.9	16.9	0.052	2.7^a	1.5^a	0.136^a
Agnelli et al., 2005 ¹²	Major abdominal	1941	Fondaparinux 2.5 mg daily	Dalteparin 5000 IU daily	5–9 Days	Venographic dvt or pe up to postoperative day 10	4.7	7.7	<0.05	3.4	2.5	0.355
Bergqvist et al., 2002 ¹³	Abdominal and pelvic	332	Enoxaparin 40 mg daily	Enoxaparin 40 mg daily	27–31 Days (study) 6–10 Days (control)	Bilateral venography between days 25 and 31	4.8	12.0	0.02	0.4	0	>0.99
Rasmussen et al., 2006 ¹⁴	Major abdominal	198	Dalteparin 5000 IU daily	Dalteparin 5000 IU daily	28 Days (study) 7 Days (control)	Venographic vte on postoperative days 7–28	8.8	19.6	0.03	0.5^a	1.8^a	>0.05^a

Results for the overall study population, including cancer and noncancer patients.

vte = venous thromboembolism; ufh = unfractionated heparin; pe = pulmonary embolism; dvt = deep vein thrombosis.