Table 1.

Examples of Contributors to Differential Medical Treatment Effects and of their Consequences, by Patient Complexity Component Vector

Vector	Sources of increased complexity along the Vector	Specific consequence
Socioeconomics	Lack of health insurance	Difficulty affording treatment
	Lack of transportation	Difficulty accessing providers
	Low educational attainment	Inability to navigate complex systems
Culture	Race/ethnicity	Care that is not culturally sensitive
	Language	Communication barriers
	Communication	Distrust, perceived discrimination
Biology/genetics	Multiple comorbidities	Medication interactions
	Genetic variability	Cannot achieve recommended targets
	Cognitive impairment	Inability to follow recommendations
Environment/ ecology	Pollution	Exposure to toxins
	Neighborhood violence	Inability to exercise
	Lack of public transportation	Inability to buy healthy foods
Behavior	Smoking tobacco	Cardiovascular, pulmonary disease
	Unhealthy diet	Obesity
	Lack of physical activity	Diabetes