. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jan 30.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Psychol. 2006 Jun;62(6):735–750. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20259

Table 3.

Alcohol-Related Outcomes at 16 Years by the Duration of Participation in Treatment and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) in the First Year

	Duration of help in year 1

Outcome (% of patients)	None	1–8 Weeks	9–26 Weeks	27+ Weeks	χ²
By duration of treatment	(N = 188)	(N = 110)	(N = 68)	(N = 95)
Abstinence	38.8^b,c	44.6	57.4^b	55.8^c	10.68^*
Drinking problems	44.2^c	39.1	32.4	26.3^c	9.06^*
By duration of AA	(N = 192)	(N = 66)	(N = 88)	(N = 115)
Abstinence	33.9^b,c	37.9	53.4^b	67.0^c	33.39^**
Drinking problems	45.8^b,c	42.4	31.8^b	25.2^c	15.04^*
Self-efficacy	42.7^b,c	56.1	62.5^b	65.2^c	16.16^**
Social functioning	24.5^c	25.8	31.8	40.0^c	10.05^*

Note. For each χ², df = 3; N = 461. Means that share the same superscript differ significantly ( p< .05). Superscripts a, b, and c denote differences between the no help (treatment or AA) group and the 1–8 week, 9–26 week, and 27+ week duration of help groups, respectively.

p< .05.

^**

p< .01.