Table 1.
Class | Derivatives | Substituents | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 * | 3 | 5 | 7 | 3′ | 4′ | 5′ | |||
Flavones | Acacetin | H | OH | OH | H | OCH3 | H | ||
Apigenin | H | OH | OH | H | OH | H | |||
Flavone | H | H | H | H | H | H | |||
Luteolin | H | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | |||
Lut-7-glucoside | H | OH | OGlc | OH | OH | H | |||
Vitexin | H | OH | OH | H | OH | H | 8 Glc | ||
| |||||||||
Isoflavones | Daidzein | H | H | OH | H | OH | H | ||
Genistein | H | OH | OH | H | OH | H | |||
Genistin | H | OH | OGlc | H | OH | H | |||
| |||||||||
Flavonols | Isorhamnetin | OH | OH | OH | OCH3 | OH | H | ||
Kaempferol | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | H | |||
Morin | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | H | 2′ OH | ||
Myricetin | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | |||
Quercetin | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | |||
Quercitrin | ORha | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | |||
Rhamnetin | OH | OH | OCH3 | OH | OH | H | |||
Rutin | ORu | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | |||
| |||||||||
Flavanones | Naringenin | H | OH | OH | H | OH | H | ||
Naringin | H | OH | ONeo | H | OH | H | |||
Taxifolin | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | |||
| |||||||||
Flavan-3-ols | +Catechin | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | ||
−Epicatechin | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | |||
Procyanidin B1 | Dimer of epicatechin and catechin linked via their carbons 4 and 8, respectively. | ||||||||
Procyanidin B2 | Dimer of two epicatechin molecules linked via carbons 4 and 8. | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Anthocyanins | Cyanidin | OH | OH | OH | OH | OH | H | ||
Pelargonidin | OH | OH | OH | H | OH | H | |||
| |||||||||
HBA | Benzoic acid | H | H | 4 H | |||||
Dodecyl gallate | COO(CH2)11CH3 | OH | OH | ||||||
Ellagic acid | see below | ||||||||
Gallic acid | OH | OH | |||||||
Methyl gallate | COOCH3 | OH | OH | ||||||
Octyl gallate | COOCH2(CH2)6CH3 | OH | OH | ||||||
Syringic acid | OCH3 | OCH3 | |||||||
| |||||||||
HCA | Chlorogenic acid | see below | |||||||
Ferulic acid | OCH3 | ||||||||
Sinapic acid | OCH3 | OCH3 |
*if other than in basic structure
Glc = glycoside, Rha = rhamnoside, Ru = rutinoside, Neo = neohesperidoside
OH group is in front of plane of paper, OH group is behind plane of paper