Table 2.

Output of from the multi-variate analysis of variance conducted on all study participants

Cytokine	Age group
IFN-γ	F = 1.532, df = 5,190, p = 0.182
IL-4	F = 3.277, df = 5,190, p = 0.007
IL-5	F = 4.875, df = 5,190, p < 0.001
IL-10	F = 2.465, df = 5,190, p = 0.034

The analysis determining if cytokine levels varied with host age thus testing whether the patterns represented in Figure 2 are significant. The statistical procedure allowed for the effects of sex and infection intensity on net cytokine level before testing if age had a significant effect on net cytokine level. F-value represents the F-test statistic from the MANOVA, df = degrees of freedom. Significant p-values are in bold.