FIG. 3.

Effect of IKK inhibitor on Helicobacter pylori-mediated NF-κB activation and cytokine expression. (A) J774A.1 cells were treated with IKK inhibitor. After 1 h, cells were incubated with or without heat-killed H. pylori for 15 min. Cell lysates were prepared, and the degradation of IκBα was evaluated by Western blotting. Tubulin was used as a control. (B) J774A.1 cells were pretreated with or without IKK inhibitor for 1 h, and cells were incubated with or without live H. pylori cells, heat-killed H. pylori cells, or LPS (25 ng/ml). After 24 h, supernatants were collected, and IL-6 production was analyzed by ELISA. (C) Cells were treated as described above, and TNF-α production was analyzed by ELISA. The results shown in panels B and C are the means ± SEM. **, P < 0.05 by Student's t test.