Cytokine levels in lungs and spleens of mice infected with LVS. Following intranasal infection with LVS, supernatants from spleens (light-gray histograms) and lungs (dark-gray histograms) from moribund and survivor mice (three to six animals per group) were collected and analyzed for cytokine production. Organs from mice injected with PBS were used as negative controls. The data are reported as amounts (in pg) of cytokine per milliliter at different stages of disease, and the error bars represent standard deviations. Differences between moribund mice and survivors were either significant (*, P < 0.05) or highly significant (**, P < 0.01). ND, not detectable.