E. histolytica DNA activates macrophage iNOS production. (A) Real-time PCR analysis was performed on IFN-γ (100 U/ml)-primed RAW 264.7 macrophage mRNA collected after 6 h of in vitro incubation with CpG-ODN (2 μM), LPS (1 μg/ml), E. histolytica (E.h) DNA (30 μg/ml), S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.t) DNA (30 μg/ml), and calf thymus (C. thymus) DNA (30 μg/ml). Data are represented as severalfold increases over medium-only control results for mRNA expression. (B) Macrophages were stimulated as described above for 24 h, and culture supernatants were used in a Griess reaction to measure nitrite levels. Data points represent means ± standard errors of the means of the results obtained from three experiments. An asterisk indicates a significant increase in nitrite level compared to the results obtained with cells treated with media only (P < 0.05).