Fig. 2.

Temporal fluctuations of Rangifer populations in four regions: Alaska (data from refs. 16, 47, and 48), Québec-Labrador (data from refs. 14, 15, and 49), western Greenland (data from ref. 17), and northern Russia [data from refs. 21 (pp. 44 and 66) and 50 (pp. 79–83)]. All values connected by a solid line are based on surveys, except for Greenland (caribou skin trade counts before 1950, caribou kills after 1950). Values connected by a dashed line are extrapolations based on historical data. The 1935 value (500,000) for the Fortymile herd was not included here because it is probably an overestimation. When multiple values were available for a specific time interval, the one nearest to the middle of the interval was adopted.