FIG. 9.

Neither structural integrity nor dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton are needed for LCMV infection. (A) CV1 and Vero cells were treated with 1 μM latrunculin A (LatA), 500 nM jasplakinolide (Jas), and 25 μg/ml cytochalasin D (CytoD) for 1 h or were left untreated (control). Cells then were fixed, and actin filaments were visualized with phalloidin conjugated to rhodamine. Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (bar, 20 μm). (B) Quantitative determination of LCMV infection in cells treated as described for panel A by intracellular staining for LCMV NP using MAb 113 combined with a phycoerythrin-conjugated secondary antibody and flow cytometry. Data were acquired in a FACSCalibur flow cytometer and analyzed using FloJo software, and NP-expressing cells were scored (values are means ± standard deviations; n = 3).