Northern blot analysis of RNAs synthesized by mutant NDVs bearing modified F-HN and HN-L IGSs. (A to D) DF-1 cells were infected with the indicated viruses (MOI of 5 PFU), incubated for 24 h, and harvested, and then total intracellular RNA was extracted. RNAs were separated by electrophoresis in formaldehyde agarose gels, transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and hybridized with a 32P-labeled double-stranded cDNA probe specific to the HN, L, F, or NP gene, as indicated. Positions of the specific gene, readthrough, genomic, and antigenomic RNAs are indicated. Lanes: 1, rBC; 2, rBC-FHNΔ18HNLΔ30; 3, rBC-FHNΔ30; 4, rBC-FHN96; 5, rBC-FHN210; 6, rBC-FHN318; 7, rBC-HNLΔ30; 8, rBC-HNLΔ42; 9, rBC-HNL96; 10, rBC-HNL210; and 11, rBC-HNL318.