Fig 1.
(A). Aging-induced endothelial dysfunction, represented as changes in endothelium-dependent responses (vascular relaxation, dilation or NO release) of vessels from various vascular beds (aorta, coronary, carotid, femoral or mesentery artery), induced by sub-maximal dose of a vasodilator (acetylcholine and the calcium ionophore A23187). This figure has been compiled from both published [3, 6, 7, 62, 74–81] and unpublished data. Age is shown as percentage of maximal lifespan of each species. (B). Aging-induced decline in cardiac performance in F344 rats (representative pressure-volume loops, pressure signals and dP/dt (C) obtained with the Millar P-V conductance catheter system).