Encephalitis after superinfection of symptomless BDV-infected B10.BR mice with VV-p40. Shown are sagittal brain sections from persistently infected B10.BR (A– F) or C57BL/10 (G– I) mice after superinfection with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing influenza A virus neuraminidase (VV-NA, A– C) or BDV p40 (VV-p40, D– I). Sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin or with a mAb directed against BDV p40 as indicated. [×100 (A, B, D, E, G, and H) and ×250 (C, F, and I).]