Table 1.
Matrix degrading enzymes playing a role in intervertebral disc degeneration and its inhibitors (references given refer to studies discussing the role of the respective enzyme/inhibitor in disc degeneration)
| Enzyme | Synonym | Substrate | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degrading enzymes | |||
| MMP-1 | Collagenase I | Collagen I, II, III, VII, X | [10, 44, 165, 201, 214] |
| MMP-2 | Gelatinase A | Gelatin I | [165, 214] |
| MMP-3 | Stromelysin 1 | Gelatin I, III, IV Collagen III, IV, X Fibronectin Proteoglycans | [139, 165, 214] |
| MMP-9 | Gelatinase B | Gelatin I, V Collagen IV, V | [10, 165, 214] |
| MMP-13 | Collagenase III | Collagen I | [10] |
| ADAMTS4 | Aggrecanase-1 | Aggrecan | [111] |
| Cathepsin D | Collagen I, II Aggrecan, Link protein | [13] | |
| Cathepsin G | Collagens | [103] | |
| Cathepsin K | Collagenolytic activity | [13] | |
| Cathepsin L | Collagen I, II, IX, XI Aggrecan Link protein | [13] | |
| Inhibitors | |||
| TIMP-1 | MMP-inhibitor | [111, 143] | |
| TIMP-2 | MMP-inhibitor | [111] | |
| TIMP-3 | Aggrecanase-inhibitor | [111] | |
MMP matrix metalloproteinase, ADAMTS a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs, TIMP tissue-specific inhibitor for metalloproteinases