Table 2.
Pennation angle (deg) | Fibre length (mm) | Thickness (mm) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P | C | D | P | C | D | P | C | D | |
Rest | |||||||||
M | 10.2 ± 1.2 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 10.2 ± 1.8 | 72.5 ± 3.6 | 72.5 ± 2.6 | 72.5 ± 2.9 | 15.3 ± 1.2 | 15.6 ± 0.7 | 15.5 ± 1.4 |
MS | 11.0 ± 2.0 | 11.3 ± 1.2† | 10.5 ± 1.9 | 72.0 ± 3.7 | 74.0 ± 3.4† | 73.3 ± 3.8 | 15.0 ± 1.4 | 15.2 ± 1.0† | 15.5 ± 1.5 |
L | 10.5 ± 2.0 | 11.0 ± 1.9 | 11.1 ± 0.6 | 72.0 ± 3.8 | 73.0 ± 2.8 | 72.8 ± 3.0 | 16.2 ± 2.0 | 16.0 ± 1.0 | 15.3 ± 0.6 |
MVC | |||||||||
M | 35.9 ± 3.2 | 36.3 ± 2.9 | 36.4 ± 2.2 | 33.2 ± 0.6 | 32.9 ± 3.2 | 32.2 ± 3.0 | 22.5 ± 3.0 | 22.0 ± 3.2 | 21.8 ± 3.3 |
MS | 37.0 ± 1.5 | 35.0 ± 2.4† | 36.5 ± 0.9 | 34.0 ± 2.5 | 35.0 ± 3.0† | 34.5 ± 1.5 | 22.0 ± 2.7 | 22.0 ± 2.3† | 22.0 ± 2.9 |
L | 36.0 ± 2.5 | 36.9 ± 2.9 | 36.1 ± 3.0 | 33.3 ± 3.0 | 33.8 ± 2.9 | 33.2 ± 2.5 | 22.0 ± 0.6 | 21.0 ± 2.8 | 21.0 ± 0.8 |
Analysis of GL architecture at the neutral ankle position along (regions P, C and D) and across (sections M, MS and L) its belly (see Fig. 3), at rest and during an ankle plantarflexor MVC. Mean ± s.d. values from three subjects on which all measurements were taken are presented, except
values from all six subjects.