Figure 3.
MKK7/JNK/AP1 cascade promotes Ras-driven epidermal neoplasia. A, clinical appearance of regenerated skin grafts. B, histologic appearance of grafted tissues (E, epidermal tissue; D, dermis; F, fat). Magnification, ×40. C, abnormal tissue polarity of neoplasia induced by Ras and MKK7 [type VII collagen (orange), desmoglein-3 (green), and nuclei (blue, Hoechst 3342)]. Magnification, ×40. D, s.c. tumor growth kinetics of primary human keratinocytes expressing LacZ, MKK7, Ras, Ras and MKK7, or Ras and IκBα. Points, tumor volume, from three independent experiments; bars, SD. E, visceral dissemination of primary keratinocytes expressing Ras and MKK7 to pulmonary tissue. Appearance of lungs from mice injected i.v. with cells transduced with LacZ or Ras and MKK7. Cross-sections of the lung tissue exhibit epithelial tumors expressing epidermal cytokeratins (brown; L, lung tissue). Magnification, ×20.