Table 6.

Summary of direct costs post-randomisation and consequences of management of mild gestational diabetes mellitus expressed per 100 women with a singleton gestation

	Intervention group (n = 100)	Routine-care group (n = 100)	Difference (n = 100)
Direct costs post-randomisation-
Antenatal ambulatory services *
Antenatal clinic	$12,479	$14,483	$-2,004
Specialist clinic	$32,657	$15,290	$17,367
Dietician	$8,716	$1,127	$7,589
Diabetes educator	$6,692	$982	$5,710
Insulin therapy	$6,888	$1,800	$5,088
Subtotal	$67,432	$33,681	$33,751
Inpatient services
Hospital costs†	$545,125	$524,891	$20,234
Total direct health service costs	$612,557	$558,572	$53,985
Patient/family costs‡	$36,749	$30,229	$6,521
Consequences§
Infants
Any serious perinatal complication¶	1.1	3.2	-2.2
Admission to neonatal nursery	68.1	59.5	8.6
Women
Induction of labour	38.0	28.3	9.7

*Antenatal ambulatory services post-randomisation based on ACHOIS trial data for 970 women (474 in Intervention group and 496 in Routine care group respectively).

† Hospital costs for all mothers and babies based on WCH patient costing system (obtained from data for 195 inpatient women with a singleton pregnancy at the WCH).

‡ Patient/family costs obtained by survey of a patient subsample of 108 South Australian study participants.

§Based on ACHOIS trial data for 474 and 496 singleton women (respectively) (see Table 4).

¶Serious perinatal complications were defined prospectively as one or more of the following: death, shoulder dystocia, bone fracture, and nerve palsy.

Adjusted for maternal age, race or ethnic group, and parity.