. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Feb 13.

Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Psychol. 2006 Feb;115(1):85–95. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.115.1.85

Table 3.

Individual-Level Change in MPQ-Estimated Psychopathic Traits From Age 17 to Age 24 (Reliable Change Index)

Trait	Decreased (%)	Same (%)	Increased (%)	χ² (2)
Fearless Dominance
Total	10.2	85.0	4.8	248.0^**
Men	6.1	87.5	6.4	44.4^**
Women	13.2	83.2	3.6	260.6^**
Impulsive Antisociality
Total	46.3	51.6	2.1	7,244.1^**
Men	42.2	55.8	2.0	2,465.9^**
Women	49.3	49.4	1.3	4,850.3^**

Note. N_Total = 920, n_Men = 391, n_Women = 529. Decreased (%), Same (%), and Increased (%) refer to the percentage of individuals who decreased, remained the same, or increased on the psychopathic traits, respectively, on the basis of the Reliable Change Index. Chi-square tests compare the observed distribution of changers and nonchangers to the expected distribution if changes were due to chance alone (i.e., 2.5% each decrease and increase, 95% stay the same).

^**

p < .001.