Figure 8.

Membrane topography during retraction. (A) Membrane crumpling during retraction. As retraction proceeds, the membrane becomes more crumpled. Maximum projection of seven spinning disk confocal microscopy images. Scale bar = 2 μm. (B) Surface topography of a bleb. Image acquired using scanning electron microscopy. (C) Transmission electron microscopy image of the final stages of retraction of a bleb in a Hela cell blocked in metaphase. The membrane has a very convoluted morphology and an actin cortex (arrow) coats the underside of the bleb membrane. (Inset) Boxed location of the main image in relation to the whole cell. Scale bar = 500 nm. (D) Evolution of the bleb perimeter and bleb neck radius during retraction. The perimeter decreases linearly with time. The bleb neck radius does not change during retraction.