Figure 1.

Simplified conceptual framework of a hospital clinical information system, including four major components and associated clinical subcomponents. Each box represents types of clinical information that can be potentially computerized. Test Results represent unique results formats specific to a medical specialty. A few examples are listed in parentheses. EEG, electro-encephalogram; EMG, electromyelogram; PFT, pulmonary function tests. (Reproduced from: Amarasingham R, Diener-West M, Weiner M, Lehmann H, Herbers JE, and Powe NR. Clinical information technology capabilities in four U.S. hospitals: testing a new structural performance measure. Med Care. 2006;44:216–24.)