TABLE 2.
Amino acid changes occurring in the capsid proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3, during the SVDV evolutiona
| Residue | Amino acid
|
Location | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SVDVrecent | SVDVold | CVB5 | CVB3 | ||
| 1045 | S | S | A | A | N-terminus of VP1; virus interior |
| 1083 | D | D | G | G | B-C loop of VP1 (antigenic site 1) |
| 1084 | S | S | T | A | B-C loop of VP1 (antigenic site 1) |
| 1096 | A | T | T | P | Hydrophobic pocket of VP1 |
| 1131 | T | V/I | V | T | 5-fold axis; VP1 D-E loop |
| 1136 | T | S | S | A | 5-fold axis; VP1 D-E loop |
| 1175 | N | S | S | N | 5-fold axis; VP1 E-F loop |
| 1180 | M | M | I | M | Hydrophobic pocket of VP1 |
| 1186 | G | G | S | S | Hydrophobic pocket of VP1 |
| 1200 | R | R | K | E | Putative CAR binding site |
| 1210 | S | S | N | N | Putative CAR binding site |
| 1225 | G/Sb | D | D | A | 5-fold axis; H-I loop of VP1 |
| 1227 | G | G | S | S | 5-fold axis; H-I loop of VP1 |
| 1258 | K/Eb | Q | Q | E | Antigenic site IV/putatative HS binding site |
| 1266 | I/Vb | E/K | E | Q | Putative HS binding site |
| 1269 | S | G | G | G | Putative HS binding site |
| 1273 | S | S | G | T | C-terminus of VP1 (antigenic site 3A) |
| 1279 | T | T | A | T | C-terminus of VP1 (near site 3A) |
| 1281 | K/Rb | K/R | Q | T | C-terminus of VP1 (near site 3A) |
| 2040 | A | T | T | D | N-terminus of VP2. Virus interior |
| 2075 | G | S | S | T | B-C loop of VP2 |
| 2143 | P | P | Q | S | E-F loop of VP2 (near site 2B) |
| 2148 | K | K | N | G | E-F loop of VP2 (near site 2B) |
| 2151 | I | I | T | T | E-F loop of VP2 (antigenic site 2B) |
| 2153 | S | N | N | K | E-F loop of VP2 (antigenic site 2B) |
| 2160 | S | S | T | S | E-F loop of VP2 (antigenic site 2A) |
| 2163 | E | E | Q | N | E-F loop of VP2 (antigenic site 2A) |
| 2233 | A | T | T | P | H-I loop of VP2 (antigenic site 3B) |
| 3006 | A | S | L | N | N-terminus of VP3; virus interior |
| 3035 | D | D | A | N | N-terminus of VP3; virus interior |
| 3062 | E | V | V | T | β-B knob (antigenic site 3A) |
| 3063 | M | M | S | N | β-B knob (antigenic site 3A) |
| 3076 | P | P | A | E | B-C loop of VP3 (antigenic site 3B) |
| 3088 | T | T | I | Q | Putative CAR binding site |
| 3092 | N | N | S | S | Putative CAR binding site |
| 3108 | A | A | T | T | Canyon floor, protomer interphase |
| 3181 | M | M | V | S | Putative CAR binding site |
| 3204 | A | A | T | A | H-I loop of VP3 |
| 3235 | N | N | S | N | C-terminus of VP3 (antigenic site 3C) |
a
List of sequence changes identified from a multiple alignment computed with program ClustalW (52) of several SVDV isolates together with CVB5 and CVB3. The available crystallographic information from CVB3 (38) and SVDV SPA/2′/93 (this study) was also taken into account. Old SVDV (column three) includes isolates from 1966 to 1972. Recent SVDV (column two) includes isolate SPA/2′/93 and other post-1972 strains. Sequence differences between old and recent SVDV strains are shown in boldface type.
b
Strain that differs from the Spanish strain.