Table 2.

Studies Which do not Support the Efficacy of HMB Supplementation in Varying Populations

Experiment	Participants	Dosage/Duration	Biochemistry	Performance	Body Composition
Kreider et al. [64]	40 experienced resistance trained M	0, 3, or 6 g/day for 4 weeks	No effect markers of muscle damage	No effect on strength	No effect on LBM or FM
Slater et al. [65]	Experienced resistance trained M	0, 3 g/day for 6 weeks	No effect markers of muscle damage	No effect on strength	No effect on LBM or FM
Paddon-Jones et al. [66], Jennifer et al. [67]	Untrained M	0, or 3 g/day, 6 days prior to a single bout eccentric exercise	NR	No effect on soreness, ROM, or elbow flexor strength	NR
O'Connor and Crowe [20]	Elite M rugby players	P, 3 g/day HMB, or creatine and HMB, during season.	NR	No effect on multistage fitness test or maximal cycle test	NR
Jack et al. [68]	Elite collegiate football players	0, 3 g/day for 4 weeks during football training	NR	No effect on weight lifting strength	No effect on body composition
Jay et al. [69]	26 elite collegiate football players	0, 3 g/day for 4 weeks during 10 day training camp	No effect markers of muscle damage	No effect on performance	No effect on LBM or FM
Kreider et al. [70]	Division 1-A College Football	0, 3 g/day during 4 weeks of resistance training	No effect markers of muscle damage	No effect on strength or sprint performance	No effect on LBM or FM

M = Male; F = Female; LBM = Lean body mass; P = Placebo; FM = Fat mass; NR = Not reported.