Table 7.

Relationships between individual study characteristics and aggressive/disruptive behavior effect sizes for selected/indicated pull-out programs with method variables controlled (N=108)

Study characteristic	β(with method controls)a
General study characteristics
Year of publication	-0.12
Unpublished (0) vs. published (1)	-0.16
Student characteristics
Gender mix (% male)	0.05
Age	0.04
Mixed or middle SES (0) vs. low (1)	0.05
Risk level	0.23**
Researcher role in study
Routine practice program (1=research, 2=demonstration, 3=routine)	0.09
Delivery personnel
Researcher provider	0.05
Teacher provider	0.01
Service professional provider	0.03
Amount, format, & quality of treatment
Manualized (1) vs. unstructured treatment (2)	0.09
Group treatment	-0.16*
Individual treatment	0.17*
Duration of treatment (in weeks; logged)	0.07
Number of sessions per week (1=less than weekly to 7=daily)	0.02
Implementation problems (1=yes, 2=possible, 3=no)	0.15*
Treatment modality
Cognitively oriented
Anger management component	-0.04
Social problem solving component	-0.07
Social skills training	-0.06
Counseling	-0.02
Behavioral strategies	0.20**

Note: weighted random effects analysis; coefficients are standardized.

^aMethod controls: pretest adjustment, attrition, random assignment, number of items in the outcome measure.

^*p<0.10

^**p<0.05