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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Res Rev. 2007 Aug 6;57(1):37–45. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.07.010

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Spinobulbar neurons not only have synaptic outputs in the brainstem but also within the spinal cord along both the ascending and descending axon branches. An example is shown of the output of a contralaterally-projecting spinobulbar neuron (cSB) that produced ipsps in unidentified neurons (UN) within the spinal cord both rostral and caudal to the soma of the cSB.