Table 3.
Frequency of outcome herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-related tracheobronchitis or pneumonia depending on patient characteristics and extrinsic risk factors
| Risk factor | Number (%) of patients | Number (%) of patients with HSV-1-related tracheobronchitis or pneumonia | P valuea | Relative risk | ||
| Without risk factor | With risk factor | Without risk factor | With risk factor | |||
| Age ≥ median (64 years) | 27 (51.9) | 25 (48.1) | 2 (7.4) | 5 (20.0) | 0.24 | 2.70 |
| Gender, male | 15 (28.8) | 37 (71.2) | 1 (6.6) | 6 (16.2) | 0.66 | 2.43 |
| Simplified Acute Physiology Score > median (31) | 27 (51.9) | 25 (48.1) | 2 (7.4) | 5 (20.0) | 0.24 | 2.70 |
| Time at risk on SICU > median (8.5 days) | 26 (50.0) | 26 (50.0) | 1 (3.9) | 6 (23.1) | 0.10 | 6.00 |
| Ventilation time > median (4.7 days)b | 26 (50.0) | 26 (50.0) | 0 (0) | 7 (26.9) | 0.01 | - |
| Bronchoscopy | 24 (46.1) | 28 (53.9) | 3 (12.5) | 4 (14.3) | 1.00 | 1.14 |
| Number of bronchoscopies > median (1) | 37 (71.1) | 15 (28.9) | 4 (10.8) | 3 (20.0) | 0.40 | 1.85 |
| Tracheotomy | 46 (88.5) | 6 (11.5) | 4 (8.7) | 3 (50.0) | 0.03 | 5.75 |
| Reintubation | 37 (71.1) | 15 (28.9) | 4 (10.8) | 3 (20.0) | 0.40 | 1.85 |
| Reanimation | 44 (84.6) | 8 (15.4) | 5 (11.4) | 2 (25.0) | 0.29 | 2.20 |
| Underlying disease | ||||||
| Cardiomyopathyb | 48 (92.3) | 4 (7.7) | 7 (14.6) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | - |
| Valvular heart disease | 35 (67.3) | 17 (32.7) | 6 (17.1) | 1 (5.9) | 0.40 | 0.34 |
| Cystic fibrosisb | 51 (98.1) | 1 (1.9) | 7 (13.7) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | - |
| Infrarenal aortic aneurysm | 47 (90.4) | 5 (9.6) | 6 (12.8) | 1 (20.0) | 0.53 | 1.57 |
| Suprararenal aortic aneurysm | 47 (90.4) | 5 (9.6) | 6 (12.8) | 1 (20.0) | 0.53 | 1.57 |
| Coronary heart disease | 37 (71.1) | 15 (28.9) | 3 (8.11) | 4 (26.7) | 0.17 | 3.29 |
| Congenital valvular heart diseaseb | 48 (92.3) | 4 (7.7) | 7 (14.6) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | - |
| Surgical intervention | ||||||
| Solid organ transplantationb | 44 (84.6) | 8 (15.4) | 7 (19.9) | 0 (0) | 0.58 | - |
| Left ventricular assist device | 43 (82.7) | 9 (17.3) | 5 (11.6) | 2 (22.2) | 0.59 | 1.91 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 38 (73.1) | 14 (26.9) | 4 (10.5) | 3 (21.4) | 0.37 | 2.04 |
| Aortic surgery | 41 (78.8) | 11 (21.2) | 5 (12.2) | 2 (18.2) | 0.63 | 1.49 |
| Valve surgery | 37 (71.1) | 15 (28.9) | 6 (16.2) | 1 (6.7) | 0.66 | 0.41 |
| Immunosuppressive medication | 27 (51.9) | 25 (48.1) | 5 (18.5) | 2 (8.0) | 0.42 | 0.43 |
| Steroids | 28 (53.8) | 24 (46.2) | 5 (17.9) | 2 (8.3) | 0.43 | 0.47 |
| Cyclosporinb | 46 (88.5) | 6 (11.5) | 7 (15.2) | 0 (0) | 0.58 | - |
| Mycophenolate mofetilb | 44 (84.6) | 8 (15.4) | 7 (15.9) | 0 (0) | 0.58 | - |
| Basiliximabb | 46 (88.5) | 6 (11.5) | 7 (15.2) | 0 (0) | 0.58 | - |
| Tacrolimus | 48 (92.3) | 4 (7.7) | 6 (12.5) | 1 (25.0) | 0.45 | 2.00 |
| Blood productsb | 2 (3.8) | 50 (96.2) | 0 (0) | 7 (14.0) | 1.00 | - |
| Erythrocyte concentratesb | 8 (15.4) | 44 (84.6) | 0 (0) | 7 (15.9) | 0.58 | - |
| Fresh frozen plasmab | 4 (7.7) | 48 (92.3) | 0 (0) | 7 (14.6) | 1.00 | - |
| Thrombocyte concentrates | 15 (28.8) | 37 (71.2) | 2 (13.3) | 5 (13.5) | 1.00 | 1.01 |
| Number of erythrocyte concentrates > median (7) | 27 (51.9) | 25 (48.1) | 1 (3.7) | 6 (24.0) | 0.05 | 6.48 |
| Number of fresh frozen plasma units > median (11.5) | 26 (50.0) | 26 (50.0) | 1 (3.9) | 6 (23.1) | 0.09 | 6.00 |
| Number of thrombocyte concentrates > median (3) | 26 (50.0) | 26 (50.0) | 3 (11.5) | 4 (15.4) | 1.00 | 1.33 |
| Clotting factor substitution | 31 (59.6) | 21 (40.4) | 2 (6.5) | 5 (23.8) | 0.10 | 3.69 |
| C1 esterase inhibitorb | 49 (94.2) | 3 (5.8) | 7 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | - |
| Interactions | ||||||
| Ventilation time > median with tracheotomy | 48 (92.3) | 4 (7.7) | 4 (8.3) | 3 (75.0) | 0.006 | 9.00 |
aFisher's exact test. bVariable could not be included in the logistic regression model for mathematical reasons.