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Guideline recommendations for passive treatments
| Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement [9] | |
| Cold/heat | Recommended |
| Compression/elevation | Recommended |
| Massage | Recommended if heat/cold and medications are contraindicated or not effective |
| Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) | Recommended if heat/cold and medications are contraindicated or not effective |
| Acupuncture | Recommended if heat/cold and medications are contraindicated or not effective |
