TABLE 2.
Major signaling pathways shown to be influenced by peroxynitrite in vitro
| Signaling Protein | Mode of Action of Peroxynitrite (Activation vs. Inhibition) | Cell Type | Reference Nos. |
|---|---|---|---|
| EGFR | A | Fibroblasts, myofibroblasts | 687, 1434 |
| EGFR | I | A431, Caco-2B cells | 1301, 1316 |
| PDGFR | A | Fibroblasts | 687 |
| TrkB | A | Fibroblasts | 1427 |
| CD95 | I | Hepatocytes | 1072 |
| Src | A | RBCs, astrocytes, synaptososmes, SH-SY5Y, endothelial cells | 519, 638, 760, 829, 836–838, 840, 1470 |
| ERK | A | Fibroblasts, neutrophils, cardiomyocytes, VSMCs, endothelial, neural cells | 57, 191, 638, 645, 735, 1024, 1099, 1307, 1434, 1477 |
| JNK | A | Alveolar, endothelial, bronchial cells, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts | 23, 450, 922, 1024, 1128, 1162 |
| p38 | A | Endothelial, bronchial, neural cells, VSMCs, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes | 120, 354, 414, 450, 638, 922, 965, 1024, 1120, 1128, 1307, 1440 |
| PKC | A | Cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells | 52, 195 |
| PKC | I | Neural cells | 689 |
| PI3K/PKB | A | Hepatocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells | 652, 687, 1133 |
| PI3K/PKB | I | Macrophages, adipocytes, PC12, endothelial, retinal cells | 348, 536, 949, 1193, 1471 |
| NFκB | A | Neutrophils, monocytes, L8 rat myoblasts | 58, 391, 640, 674, 851, 1477 |
| NFκB | I | Cardiomyocytes, EAHY-926, HMEC-I, SHSY-5Y, HEK293, P19 cells | 749, 1006 |
A, activation; I, inhibition; NFκB, nuclear factor kappa B; PKC, protein kinase C; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; ERK, extracellular-regulated kinase; JNK, Janus kinase; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; TrkB, truncated tyrosine protein kinase.