Table 3.
Health-related outcomes among rural-to-urban migrants in China
| Gender | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Female | Male | |
| General health condition | |||
| Poor or fair health | 946(23%) | 426(25%) | 520(21%)**** |
| Health prevented activities require moderate strength | 1584(38%) | 885(53%) | 699(28%)**** |
| Health prevented climbing 5–6 floors | 977(24%) | 475(29%) | 502(20%)**** |
| Accomplished less because of physical problem | 1127(27%) | 441(26%) | 686(28%) |
| Could not do much because of physical problem | 448(11%) | 161(10%) | 287(12%)* |
| Accomplished less because of emotional | 1613(39%) | 670(40%) | 943(38%) |
| Not very careful because of emotional problem | 2037(49%) | 852(51%) | 1185(48%)* |
| Pain prevented normal work most or all time | 167(4%) | 61(4%) | 106(4%) |
| Health limited social activities most/all the time | 195(5%) | 65(4%) | 130(5%)** |
| What did you do when you got sick1 | |||
| Did nothing | 241(7%) | 103(7%) | 138(7%) |
| Self-treated | 1860(51%) | 784(51%) | 1076(51%) |
| Went to big hospital | 1797(49%) | 796(52%) | 1001(47%)** |
| Went to formal clinic | 711(19%) | 246(16%) | 465(22%)**** |
| Saw unlicensed doctor | 74(2%) | 19(1%) | 55(3%)** |
| Top 6 reasons for not seeing a doctor | |||
| Illness was not serious | 2798(67%) | 1180(71%) | 1618(65%)**** |
| Had medicine handy | 1342(32%) | 610(36%) | 732(30%)**** |
| Too expensive to see a doctor | 1334(32%) | 513(31%) | 821(33%) |
| No time | 756(18%) | 321(19%) | 435(18%) |
| Afraid affecting job | 633(15%) | 278(17%) | 355(14%)* |
| Inconvenience | 466(11%) | 173(10%) | 293(12%) |
| Did you ever do a physical exam?2 | |||
| Yes, I did it on my own will | 1168(28%) | 457(27%) | 711(29%) |
| Yes, I did it because I was required to do so | 1777(42%) | 849(50%) | 928(37%) |
| No, I never did it | 1243(30%) | 383(23%) | 860(34%) |
| Substance Use | |||
| Smoked more than half pack daily last month | 479(11%) | 30(2%) | 449(18%)**** |
| Got drank ≥ once last month | 1184(28%) | 275(16%) | 909(36%)**** |
| Depression (CESD) | 11.52(9.45) | 11.55(9.83) | 11.50(9.18) |
| Dissatisfied with | |||
| Current life | 1114(27%) | 388(23%) | 726(29%)**** |
| Current work | 1184(28%) | 434(26%) | 750(30%)**** |
1
Note: Data were available only from those who had ever become ill;
2
Responses significantly differ by gender (p<.0001).
*
p<.05,
**
p<.01,
****
p<.0001