Table 2.
Main studies evaluating the accuracy of standard Doppler echocardiography in detecting AAR
| Authors | N. of patients | Method/Parameter | Sensitivity | Specificity |
| Desruennes M, J Am Coll Cardiol 1988 | 55 | Standard Doppler, PHT decrease (20%) | 88% | 87% |
| Simmonds MB, Circulation 1992 | 30 | Standard Doppler, superior vena caval SFFV ≤ 17 cm/s | 100% | 80% |
| Morocutti G, J Heart Lung Transplant 1995 | 18 | Standard Doppler, PHT ≤ 55 ms PHT ≤ 60 ms |
69% 62% |
76% 83% |
| Mouly-Bandini A, Transpl Int 1996 | 23 | Standard Doppler, IVRT decrease ≥ 20% | 45% | - |
| Angermann GE, Circulation 1997 | 52 | M-mode and 2D parameters | 40–55% | 84–87% |
| Stengel SM, Heart 2001 | 141 | Pulsed Tissue Doppler. Am of mitral annulus < 8.7 cm/s | 82% | 53% |
| Vivekananthan K, Am J Cardiol 2002 | 20 | Standard Doppler, MPI | 90% | 90% |
| Sun JP, J Heart Lung Transplant 2005 | 223 183 |
Standard Doppler echo ≥ 2 among PE, IVRT > 90 ms, E/A > 1.7 post HT ≤ 6 months post HT > 6 months |
57% 60% |
54% 93% |
IVRT = isovolumic relaxation time, MPI = Myocardial performance index, PE = pericardial effusion, PHT = Mitral pressure half-time, SFFV = inferior vena caval systolic forward flow velocity.