Table 1.

Chemokine-stimulated secretion

TNF-α secretion by macrophages (23)

IL-8 (23), 12 (42), 1 (44) and 2B (44),10 (44)

Nitric oxide production by macrophages (23)

Stimulation of immature dendritic cells (30)

Enhanced Th1 response (30)

Activated the human complement system via the alternative pathway (39)

Stimulation of NK cytotoxic activity (42)

Higher production of IFN-γ (43)

mRNA increase for chemokine ligand 1, 2 and 3 (44)

mRNA increase for cyclossigenase 2 (44)

mRNA increase for regulator of G-protein signaling 1 (44)

Induction of caspase 3 (36)