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. 1998 Apr 14;95(8):4398–4403. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.8.4398

Figure 4.

Figure 4

RNase protection analyses of animal cap explants injected with mRNA, as described in Fig. 1A, and cultured to stage 10.25. Explants were injected with 500 pg of SMAD2 or SMAD1, 0.5 pg of Xwnt8, 100 pg of β-catenin (β-Cat), or their corresponding combinations. (A) The SMAD2 responsive organizer genes Xgsc and Chd are expressed more strongly when SMAD2 mRNA is combined with Xwnt8 mRNA. Whole embryo (WE) expression is shown, and uninjected animal cap explants (UN) are included as a negative control. (B) Quantitation of this gel shows the levels of expression Xgsc and Chd as a proportion of FGF-R loading control. (C) SMAD2 and β-catenin mRNAs induce expression of Xgsc and Chd more strongly than SMAD2 alone. SMAD1 does not cooperate with β-catenin to induce expression of these genes. (D) Quantitation of this gel shows the levels of expression Xgsc and Chd as a proportion of FGF-R loading control. (E) Expression of the SMAD2 responsive pan-mesodermal markers Xbra and Eomes is not enhanced by coinjecting SMAD2 mRNA with Xwnt8 mRNA. These experiments were repeated three times, achieving the same result each time.