TABLE 1—
Unweighted Sample Characteristics Among Asian Americans, by Current Smoking Status: National Latino and Asian American Study, 2002–2003
| Total | Current | Noncurrent | |
| Total, No. | 1977 | 256 | 1721 |
| Unfair treatment, % | |||
| None | 25.8 | 19.9 | 26.6 |
| Low | 41.3 | 41.0 | 41.4 |
| Moderate | 28.5 | 30.1 | 28.3 |
| High | 4.4 | 9.0 | 3.7 |
| Racial/ethnic discrimination, % | |||
| None | 37.6 | 35.9 | 37.8 |
| Low | 38.6 | 39.5 | 38.5 |
| Moderate | 21.9 | 20.7 | 22.1 |
| High | 2.0 | 3.9 | 1.7 |
| Ethnic Identification, % | |||
| Low identification | 22.7 | 29.7 | 21.7 |
| High identification | 77.3 | 70.3 | 78.3 |
| Ethnicity, % | |||
| Chinese | 23.8 | 18.0 | 24.6 |
| Filipino | 19.2 | 21.5 | 18.8 |
| Vietnamese | 21.2 | 22.7 | 21.0 |
| Other single Asian ethnicity | 20.2 | 18.0 | 20.6 |
| Multiethnic/racial | 15.6 | 19.9 | 14.9 |
| Marital status, % | |||
| Married | 65.5 | 60.6 | 66.2 |
| Single | 25.1 | 29.7 | 24.4 |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.4 |
| Nativity, % | |||
| US born | 21.9 | 27.0 | 21.1 |
| Foreign born | 78.2 | 73.1 | 78.9 |
| Gender, % | |||
| Men | 48.1 | 77.0 | 43.8 |
| Women | 51.9 | 23.1 | 56.2 |
| Region of residence, % | |||
| West | 81.4 | 78.1 | 81.9 |
| Midwest | 4.2 | 5.5 | 4.0 |
| Northeast | 7.4 | 9.4 | 7.1 |
| South | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| Poverty status,a % | |||
| Nonpoor (≥ 2.00) | 65.9 | 65.2 | 66.0 |
| Near poor (1.00–1.99) | 8.2 | 12.9 | 7.6 |
| Poor (< 1.00) | 14.1 | 12.9 | 14.2 |
| Missing | 11.8 | 9.0 | 12.2 |
| Employment, % | |||
| Employed | 67.5 | 72.7 | 66.7 |
| Unemployed | 15.5 | 15.2 | 15.6 |
| Out of labor force | 10.5 | 3.9 | 11.5 |
| Missing | 6.5 | 8.2 | 6.2 |
| Education, y, % | |||
| ≥ 16 | 42.8 | 29.7 | 44.8 |
| 13–15 | 25.2 | 27.0 | 25.0 |
| 12 | 17.3 | 25.0 | 16.1 |
| < 12 | 14.7 | 18.4 | 14.1 |
| Insurance, % | |||
| Private | 66.5 | 60.2 | 67.4 |
| Public | 15.2 | 10.9 | 15.9 |
| Uninsured | 13.8 | 23.8 | 12.3 |
| Other/missing | 4.5 | 5.1 | 4.4 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 40.8 (14.6) | 38.3 (13.0) | 41.2 (14.8) |
| English proficiency,b mean (SD) | 2.8 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.0) | 2.8 (1.0) |
| Social desirability,c mean (SD) | 2.2 (2.0) | 2.2 (2.1) | 2.2 (2.0) |
Note. Other single Asian ethnicity includes Bangladeshi, Burmese, Cambodian, Hmong, Indian, Indonesian, Japanese, Korean, Laotian, Malaysian, Mongolian, Myanmai, Pakistani, Singaporean, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai.
aThis is the ratio of household income to poverty threshold based on the 2000 US Census.
bThis was assessed using 3 items adapted from the Cultural Identity Scales for Latino Adolescents intended to measure self-evaluated proficiency in speaking, reading, and writing English, with values for each item ranging from 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent). Summed scores were divided by 3, so that English language proficiency scores ranged from 1 to 4.
cThis was measured with 10 items designed to measure personality bias in response to sensitive questions. Items were endorsed as being true (1) or false (0), with greater summed scores representing higher levels of social desirability bias.