TABLE 2—

Age-Adjusted and Fully Adjusted Models of Lifetime and Recent Intimate Partner Violence, by Sample Education Characteristics: Indian National Family Health Survey, 1998–1999

	Lifetime IPV		Recent IPV
	Age Adjusted,a OR (95% CI)	Fully Adjusted,b OR (95% CI)	Age Adjusted,a OR (95% CI)	Fully Adjusted,b OR (95% CI)
Woman’s education, y
≥ 13 (Ref)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
11–12	3.23 (2.43, 4.29)	2.59 (1.93, 3.48)	3.64 (2.33, 5.69)	2.84 (1.80, 4.49)
9–10	4.55 (3.52, 5.89)	2.94 (2.23, 3.88)	6.04 (4.02, 9.06)	3.75 (2.45, 5.76)
6–8	7.89 (6.13, 10.16)	3.91 (2.94, 5.20)	10.07 (6.75, 15.03)	4.77 (3.08, 7.39)
1–5	11.72 (9.13, 15.04)	4.60 (3.43, 6.17)	14.18 (9.53, 21.10)	5.33 (3.41, 8.33)
No formal schooling	15.24 (11.90, 19.51)	4.59 (3.37, 6.25)	19.59 (13.21, 29.06)	5.61 (3.53, 8.92)
Husband’s education, y
≥ 13 (Ref)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
11–12	2.02 (1.76, 2.31)	1.27 (1.10, 1.47)	1.91 (1.59, 2.29)	1.18 (0.97, 1.42)
9–10	2.96 (2.64, 3.33)	1.47 (1.29, 1.68)	2.93 (2.51, 3.43)	1.43 (1.20, 1.69)
6–8	4.15 (3.70, 4.66)	1.64 (1.43, 1.88)	4.08 (3.49, 4.76)	1.58 (1.32, 1.90)
1–5	5.46 (4.87, 6.12)	1.83 (1.57, 2.12)	5.19 (4.45, 6.05)	1.72 (1.42, 2.09)
No formal schooling	6.12 (5.47, 6.85)	1.82 (1.50, 2.20)	6.15 (5.29, 7.15)	1.84 (1.44, 2.35)
Spouse education differential
Same level (Ref)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Wife is more educated	0.91 (0.84, 0.98)	1.18 (1.07, 1.29)	0.89 (0.80, 0.98)	1.18 (1.05, 1.33)
Husband is more educated	0.84 (0.81, 0.88)	1.01 (0.93, 1.10)	0.82 (0.78, 0.86)	1.04 (0.93, 1.17)

Note. IPV = intimate partner violence; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.

^aEach age-adjusted model included age in years and 1 education variable: woman’s education, husband’s education, or spousal education differential.

^bModels included location, current age in years, age at wedding, religion, caste, employment, living standard, woman’s education, husband’s education, and spousal education differential.