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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Biol. 2007 Aug 9;310(2):291–303. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.07.041

Figure 5. Cardiac phenotype of Crtl1-deficient embryos.

Figure 5

This figure shows hematoxylin-eosin stained transverse sections of wildtype (panel A) and Crtl1-deficient embryos (panels B–F). The section in panel A shows a wildtype mouse at ED13.5 with a well-formed interventricular septum, separating the right and left AV junction. Panels B and C show sections of a severely malformed Crtl1−/− specimen at ED14.0 with common AV canal (B), hypoplastic AV cushion tissues (B), absence of the DMP (B), thin compact myocardium in the RV wall (B,C), and a very disorganized interventricular septum (B,C). Panel D shows a Crtl1−/− specimen at ED16.0 with a large mesenchymal VSD. Panels E and F are sections from an ED17.0 Crtl1−/− specimen showing a small mesenchymal sub-aortic VSD. Panel F is a higher magnification of the boxed region in panel E. Panel G shows a three-dimensional AMIRA reconstruction of the AV mesenchymal complex of a wild type mouse at ED13, demonstrating the position of the DMP within this complex. Panel H is a 3D reconstruction of the ED14.0 Crtl1−/− mouse, shown in panels B and C, demonstrating the severely underdeveloped AV cushion tissues and absent DMP, combined contributing to the common AV canal phenotype. RA=right atrium, LA=left atrium, RV=right ventricle, LV=left ventricle, RAVJ=right atrioventricular junction, LAVJ=left atrioventricular junction, IVS=interventricular septum, VSD=ventricular septal defect, mVSD= muscular VSD, Ao=aorta, PAS=primary atrial septum, DMP=dorsal mesenchymal protrusion, AVC=atrioventricular cushions, iAVC=inferior AVC, sAVC=superior AVC.