Table 1.

Indian populations screened for Y-HG Q and its distribution.

India Regions	Social Category		Linguistic Category	No. of Samples		No. of Samples in Haplogroup
North:						Q (xQ5)	Q5
J&K Kashmiri Pandits	Caste	high	Indo-European	51	*	3
J&K kashmir Gujars	Tribe		Indo-European	61	*	1Q1
Dalits+	Caste	low	Indo-European	18	#
Muslim	Religious	group	Indo-European	19	#
Rajput	Caste	high	Indo-European	29	#
Uttar Pradesh Brahmin	Caste	high	Indo-European	14	#	1@
Uttar Pradesh Brahmin	Caste	high	Indo-European	31	*	1	1
Uttar Pradesh Mixed	Tribe		Austro-Asiatic	9	*
Punjab Brahmin	Caste	high	Indo-European	28	*
Himachal Brahmin	Caste	high	Indo-European	19	*
Himachal Rajputs	Caste	high	Indo-European	35	*	1
Central:
Uttar Pradesh Kols	Tribe		Indo-European/Austro-Asiatic	30	*
Uttar Pradesh gonds	Tribe		Indo-European/Dravidian	38	*
Madhya Pradesh Brahmins	Caste	high	Indo-European	42	*	1	1
Madhya Pradesh Gonds	Tribe		Dravidian	17	*	1
Madhya Pradesh Saharia	Tribe		Indo-European	89	*	1	2
Halba	Tribe		Indo-European	21	#	1@
Kamar	Tribe		Dravidian	30	#
Muria	Tribe		Dravidian	20	#
East:
Bihar Brahmins	Caste	high	Indo-European	38	*	1	1
Paswan	Caste	low	Indo-European	29	*
Agharia	Caste	middle	Indo-European	10	#
Bagdi	Caste	low	Indo-European	11	#
Gaud	Caste	middle	Indo-European	5	#
Ho	Tribe		Austro-Asiatic	30	#
Lodha	Tribe		Austro-Asiatic	20	#
Mahishya	Caste	middle	Indo-European	13	#
Santal	Tribe		Austro-Asiatic	14	#
Tanti	Caste	low	Indo-European	7	#
West Bengal Brahmin	Caste	high	Indo-European	18	#
Northeast:
Chakma	Tribe		Tibeto-Burman	4	#
Jamatia	Tribe		Tibeto-Burman	30	#
Mog	Tribe		Tibeto-Burman	5	#
Mizo	Tribe		Tibeto-Burman	27	#
Tripuri	Tribe		Tibeto-Burman	21	#
West:
Maharashtra Brahmins	Caste	high	Indo-European	30	*
Gujarat Bhils	Tribe		Indo-European	12	*
Gujarat Brahmins	Caste	high	Indo-European	63	*
Sourashtran			Indo-European	46	$
Koknasth Brahmin	Caste	high	Indo-European	25	#
Maratha	Caste	middle	Indo-European	20	#
Nav Buddha	Caste	low	Indo-European	14	#
South:
Andhra Brahmins	Caste	high	Dravidian	6	*
Kallar	Caste		Dravidian	84	$
Yadhava	Caste		Dravidian	129	$	3
Ambalakarar	Caste	middle	Dravidian	29	#
Irula	Tribe		Dravidian	30	#
Iyengar	Caste	high	Dravidian	30	#
Iyer	Caste	high	Dravidian	29	#
Koya	Tribe	Tribe	Dravidian	27	#
Kota	Tribe		Dravidian	16	#
Konda	Tribe	Tribe	Dravidian	30	#
Kurumba	Tribe		Dravidian	19	#
Pallan	Caste	low	Dravidian	29	#
Toda	Tribe		Dravidian	8	#
Vanniyar	Caste	middle	Dravidian	25	#
Vellalar	Caste	middle	Dravidian	31	#	1@
Total				1615		16	5

* Present Study, # Sengupta et al. 2006, $ Seielstad et al. 2003.

'Dalits⁺' used instead of 'Chamar', as per Indian Constitution.

^@found as 'Q4' by Sengupta et al.⁴

^Q1Found as Q1 in present study.