Table 2.
Blood Pressure Levels at Baseline and Intervention and Responses to Dietary Intervention
| Trait | Probands | Parents | Siblings | Spouses | Offspring |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 676 | 1,247 | 956 | 69 | 205 |
| Age, years | 41.0 ± 8.3 | 67.6 ± 8.5 | 39.6 ± 7.7 | 49.1 ± 6.7 | 23.5 ± 6.5 |
| Male, % | 60.4 | 48.7 | 51.1 | 33.3 | 44.4 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.2 ± 3.3 | 22.8 ± 3.4 | 23.1 ± 2.8 | 23.4 ± 3.7 | 21.5 ± 3.3 |
| BP at baseline, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 128.0 ± 11.4 | 136.7 ± 24.0 | 111.6 ± 11.5 | 112.6 ± 14.9 | 106.6 ± 10.3 |
| Diastolic | 80.3 ± 9.0 | 75.0 ± 11.7 | 71.0 ± 9.9 | 72.6 ± 10.0 | 65.3 ± 9.0 |
| BP at low-sodium, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 119.9 ± 11.3 | – | 107.2 ± 9.8 | 106.1 ± 11.7 | 104.4 ± 9.7 |
| Diastolic | 76.1 ± 9.0 | – | 69.1 ± 8.6 | 69.3 ± 8.6 | 63.7 ± 8.8 |
| BP at high-sodium, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 125.6 ± 12.4 | – | 111.8 ± 11.1 | 111.9 ± 13.4 | 106.9 ± 10.1 |
| Diastolic | 78.5 ± 9.4 | – | 70.8 ± 9.1 | 71.3 ± 9.5 | 64.5 ± 8.7 |
| BP at high-sodium and potassium-supplementation, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 121.2 ± 12.5 | – | 108.7 ± 10.6 | 107.87 ± 12.9 | 104.9 ± 10.3 |
| Diastolic | 77.0 ± 9.1 | – | 69.5 ± 8.5 | 69.4 ± 9.6 | 63.4 ± 3.9 |
| BP responses to low-sodium, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | −8.0 ± 8.0 | – | −4.3 ± 6.0 | −5.2 ± 7.2 | −2.3 ± 4.9 |
| Diastolic | −4.2 ± 5.8 | – | −2.0 ± 5.1 | −2.7 ± 5.0 | −1.8 ± 5.3 |
| BP responses to high-salt, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 5.7 ± 6.4 | – | 4.7 ± 5.8 | 5.7 ± 5.9 | 2.5 ± 4.3 |
| Diastolic | 2.5 ± 5.8 | – | 1.7 ± 5.2 | 2.0 ± 4.4 | 0.8 ± 5.0 |
| BP response to potassium-supplementation, mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | −4.4 ± 5.6 | – | −3.2 ± 5.5 | −4.0 ± 5.6 | −2.0 ± 4.9 |
| Diastolic | −1.6 ± 4.6 | – | −1.3 ± 4.6 | −1.8 ± 4.0 | −1.2 ± 4.6 |
Mean ± standard deviation