TABLE 4.
Impact of the MDR phenotype in P. aeruginosa on mortality, LOS, and hospital cost
| Type of study | Setting | Infection | No. of cases/no. of controls | Parameter | Main findings | Significance (P value or 95% CI) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Studies showing an impact of resistance | |||||||
| Case-control | Tertiary care | Nosocomial | 69/247 | Mortality | OR,a 5.0 | 1.1-22.9 | 31 |
| Retrospective cohort | Tertiary care | Nosocomial | 44/68b,c | Mortality | Cases, 54.5%; controls, 16.2% | P < 0.05 | 11 |
| Case-control | Tertiary care | BSI | 6/184b,c | Mortality | Cases, 83.3%; controls, 36.4% | P = 0.03 | 34 |
| Prospective | Tertiary care | Nosocomial/ | 98/103 | Mortality | RR, 1.98 | 1.0-3.9 | 41 |
| Prospective | Tertiary care | Nosocomial | 86/212c | Mortality | RR, 1.60 | 1.2-2.1d | 85 |
| Retrospective matched cohort | Tertiary care | Nosocomial | 82/82b,c,e | Mortality | OR, 4.4 | P = 0.04 | 1 |
| Retrospective cohort study showing no impact of resistance | Tertiary care | Noscomial | 18/35c,f | Mortality | Cases, 22%; controls, 23% | P > 0.05 | 53 |
a
OR, odds ratio.
b
MDR was defined as resistance to four or more antibiotics.
c
Studies with either matched controls or multivariate analysis, in order to minimize confounding.
d
Not significant in multivariate analysis.
e
Matched controls.
f
MDR was defined as resistance to two or more antibiotics.