Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Br J Psychiatry. 2008 Feb;192:98–105. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.040113

Table 3.

Table 3a. Sociodemographic risk factors for 1st onset of suicide-related outcomes: Pooled Analysis1,2

Table 3b. Sociodemographic risk factors for 1st onset of suicide-related outcomes: Pooled Analysis1

Total Sample (n=48427)
Ideation Plan Attempt
Socio-Demographic OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)

Gender
Female 1.4* (1.3 – 1.4) 1.4* (1.3 – 1.6) 1.7* (1.5 – 1.9)
 X21 [p] 83.0** [0.000] 41.8** [0.000] 75.7** [0.000]
Age/Cohort3
18–34 9.5* (8.1 – 11.0) 10.3* (8.0 – 13.3) 12.4* (9.1 – 16.8)
35–49 4.2* (3.7 – 4.9) 4.3* (3.4 – 5.6) 5.6* (4.1 – 7.5)
50–64 2.6* (2.2 – 3.0) 2.7* (2.1 – 3.4) 3.4* (2.4 – 4.7)
 X23 [p] 1139.6** [0.000] 454.5** [0.000] 417.0** [0.000]
Education4
Student 2.6* (2.2 – 3.0) 2.5* (1.9 – 3.3) 2.6* (2.0 – 3.4)
Low 2.0* (1.8 – 2.3) 2.0* (1.7 – 2.5) 3.1* (2.5 – 3.9)
Low/Medium 1.3* (1.2 – 1.5) 1.4* (1.2 – 1.7) 1.8* (1.4 – 2.3)
Medium 1.4* (1.2 – 1.6) 1.5* (1.2 – 1.8) 1.7* (1.4 – 2.1)
 X24 [p] 233.4** [0.000] 67.9** [0.000] 119.1** [0.000]
Ever employed
No 0.9 (0.8 – 1.0) 0.9 (0.7 – 1.1) 0.9 (0.7 – 1.1)
 X21 [p] 2.7 [0.103] 1.6 [0.209] 2.0 [0.157]
Ever married
No 1.3* (1.2 – 1.5) 1.3* (1.1 – 1.5) 1.4* (1.2 – 1.7)
 X21 [p] 40.0** [0.000] 14.2** [0.000] 17.9** [0.000]

Among Ideators
Plan (n=6872)2 Attempt (n=6872)2 Attempt w/o a lifetime plan (n=4239)2 Attempt w/a lifetime plan (n=2633)3
Socio-Demographic OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)

Gender
Female 1.1 (1.0 – 1.3) 1.3* (1.1 – 1.5) 1.4* (1.1 – 1.7) 1.3* (1.0 – 1.6)
 X21 [p] 2.1 [0.143] 12.6** [0.000] 8.0** [0.005] 5.3** [0.021]
Age/Cohort4
18–34 1.4* (1.0 – 1.9) 1.8* (1.2 – 2.7) 2.0* (1.1 – 3.6) 1.6 (0.9 – 2.7)
35–49 1.2 (0.9 – 1.7) 1.8* (1.3 – 2.7) 2.1* (1.2 – 3.7) 1.6 (0.9 – 2.7)
50–64 1.2 (0.9 – 1.5) 1.6* (1.1 – 2.3) 1.8* (1.0 – 3.2) 1.5 (0.9 – 2.5)
 X23 [p] 4.5 [0.214] 11.3** [0.010] 7.6 [0.056] 3.1 [0.380]
Education5
Student 1.0 (0.8 – 1.3) 1.1 (0.8 – 1.5) 1.1 (0.7 – 1.8) 1.1 (0.8 – 1.6)
Low 1.0 (0.8 – 1.3) 1.9* (1.4 – 2.5) 2.2* (1.4 – 3.5) 1.6* (1.1 – 2.4)
Low/Medium 1.1 (0.9 – 1.4) 1.4* (1.1 – 1.9) 1.6* (1.0 – 2.6) 1.2 (0.9 – 1.7)
Medium 1.1 (0.9 – 1.4) 1.3 (1.0 – 1.7) 1.6 (1.0 – 2.5) 1.1 (0.8 – 1.5)
 X24 [p] 1.9 [0.753] 29.5** [0.000] 24.5** [0.000] 10.8** [0.028]
Ever employed
No 1.0 (0.8 – 1.2) 0.9 (0.8 – 1.1) 0.9 (0.6 – 1.2) 1.0 (0.8 – 1.4)
 X21 [p] 0.2 [0.696] 0.6 [0.437] 1.0 [0.325] 0.1 [0.733]
Ever married
No 1.0 (0.9 – 1.2) 1.2 (1.0 – 1.5) 1.0 (0.7 – 1.3) 1.2 (0.9 – 1.6)
 X21 [p] 0.0 [0.909] 2.9 [0.091] 0.0 [0.991] 2.0 [0.159]
Age of onset of ideation6
Early 1.3* (1.0 – 1.6) 2.2* (1.7 – 2.9) 2.9* (1.9 – 4.4) 1.8* (1.2 – 2.6)
Middle 1.2* (1.0 – 1.5) 1.5* (1.2 – 1.9) 1.6* (1.1 – 2.2) 1.5* (1.1 – 2.0)
 X22 [p] 5.0 [0.083] 32.2** [0.000] 27.3** [0.000] 10.4** [0.005]
Years since onset of ideation7
0 117.4* (87.9 – 156.8) 123.1* (92.9 – 162.9) 174.6* (100.9 – 302.1) -- --
1–5 3.3* (2.4 – 4.5) 4.4* (3.2 – 5.9) 6.2* (3.4 – 11.2) -- --
6–10 1.8* (1.2 – 2.6) 1.5 (1.0 – 2.1) 1.5 (0.6 – 3.4) -- --
 X23 [p] 2207.2** [0.000] 2521.0** [0.000] 873.6** [0.000] -- --
Have a plan
Yes -- -- 7.5* (6.4 – 8.7) -- -- -- --
 X21 [p] -- -- 650.2** [0.000] -- -- -- --
Years since onset of plan7
0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 168.4* (106.6 – 266.1)
1–5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.0* (3.1 – 8.0)
6–10 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.6 (0.9 – 3.0)
 X23 [p] -- -- -- -- -- -- 1126.1** [0.000]
**

Significant at the 0.05 level, 2-sided test

1

Results are based on multivariate discrete-time survival models with person-year as the unit of analysis; see the text for a description.

2

Each model controls for person-year

3

Referent category: 65+

4

Referent category: High education

**

Significant at the 0.05 level, 2-sided test

-- indicates that the variable is not used as a predictor in the model

1

Results are based on multivariate discrete-time survival models with person-year as the unit of analysis; see the text for a description.

2

model controls for years since onset of ideation

3

model controls for years since onset of plan

4

Referent category: 65+

5

Referent category: High education

6

Referent category: Late

7

Referent category: 11+ years